Adverb（副詞）是英文文法入面非常實用的一類詞。當你想說明一個動作是怎樣發生、多久發生一次、程度有幾深、事情在甚麼時候發生，或者句子之間的先後關係，就經常需要用到 adverbs。對中文學習者來說，理解 adverb 中文意思只是起點；真正重要的是知道副詞修飾甚麼、放在句子哪個位置，以及怎樣避免和 adjective 混淆。
本文會由 what is an adverb、adverb meaning 開始，逐步整理 adverbs of manner、adverbs of frequency、adverbs of degree、adverb of time、adverbs of sequence、adverb clause、relative adverb、comparative and superlative adverbs，以及常見 adverb examples 和 adverb exercise。你可以把它當成一份完整的 adverb用法 筆記，用來溫習、備課或改善英文寫作都很方便。
副詞（Adverb）是甚麼？定義與基本功能
Adverb 是用來修飾 verb（動詞）、adjective（形容詞）、另一個 adverb，甚至整句句子的詞。它通常回答「怎樣？」、「幾時？」、「在哪裏？」、「幾常？」、「程度如何？」等問題。
Adverb 中文可以怎樣理解？
Adverb 中文一般譯作「副詞」。副詞的核心功能是補充動作、狀態或整句意思。例如 She sings beautifully. 入面，beautifully 說明她唱歌唱得怎樣；He always arrives early. 入面，always 說明事情發生的頻率，而 early 說明時間。
- 修飾動詞：She speaks clearly.（她說話清楚。）
- 修飾形容詞：The test is very difficult.（測驗非常難。）
- 修飾另一個副詞：He runs extremely quickly.（他跑得極快。）
- 修飾整句：Fortunately, nobody was hurt.（幸好，沒有人受傷。）
Noun、Verb、Adjective、Adverb 的分別
很多人會搜尋 noun verb adjective adverb 或 verb noun adjective adverb中文，因為這幾類詞經常一起出現在句子入面。簡單來說，noun 表示人、事、物；verb 表示動作或狀態；adjective 描述名詞；adverb 則補充動詞、形容詞、副詞或整句。
| 詞類 | 主要功能 | 例子 |
|---|---|---|
| Noun 名詞 | 表示人、事、物、概念 | student, city, music |
| Verb 動詞 | 表示動作、狀態或變化 | run, know, become |
| Adjective 形容詞 | 描述或限定名詞 | happy, difficult, blue |
| Adverb 副詞 | 修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或句子 | quickly, very, often |
判斷一個字是否 adverb，不應只看字尾是否有 -ly。雖然 carefully、slowly、quietly 是常見副詞，但 fast、hard、early 亦可以用作副詞，而且沒有 -ly。
副詞常見分類 Part 1：方式、頻率、程度
學 adverbs 最有效的方法，是先按功能分類。最常見的三大類包括 adverbs of manner、adverbs of frequency 和 adverbs of degree。它們分別說明動作方式、發生頻率和程度強弱。
Adverbs of Manner：方式副詞
Adverbs of manner中文 可理解為「方式副詞」，用來說明動作是怎樣完成的。這類副詞通常回答 how 的問題，常放在動詞後面，或放在受詞後面。
| Adverb of manner | 中文意思 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| carefully | 小心地 | She checked the answer carefully. |
| quickly | 快速地 | He ran quickly to the station. |
| quietly | 安靜地 | They entered the room quietly. |
| clearly | 清楚地 | The teacher explained the rule clearly. |
| politely | 有禮貌地 | He spoke politely to the guest. |
不少方式副詞由 adjective 加 -ly 構成，例如 careful 變 carefully，quick 變 quickly。不過並非所有副詞都用這個規則，所以不能只靠字尾判斷。
Adverbs of Frequency：頻率副詞
Adverbs of frequency 用來表示事情發生得有多頻密，例如 always、usually、often、sometimes、rarely、never。這類 frequency adverb 是日常英文非常常見的 adverb examples。
| Adverb of frequency | 中文意思 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| always | 總是 | She always drinks coffee in the morning. |
| usually | 通常 | I usually walk to school. |
| often | 經常 | They often play basketball after class. |
| sometimes | 有時 | He sometimes eats lunch at home. |
| rarely / seldom | 很少 | We rarely watch TV on weekdays. |
| never | 從不 | I never eat breakfast late. |
頻率副詞通常放在主要動詞前面，但若句子有 be 動詞，則多數放在 be 動詞後面。例：She often studies at night. / She is often tired.。
Adverbs of Degree：程度副詞
Adverbs of degree 用來表示程度，例如 very、quite、too、enough、almost、extremely。它們可以修飾形容詞、副詞或動詞，幫助你表達「幾多」、「幾深」、「到甚麼程度」。
| Adverb of degree | 常見意思 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| very | 非常 | The room is very clean. |
| quite | 頗為／相當 | The question is quite difficult. |
| too | 太／過於 | The soup is too hot. |
| enough | 足夠地 | He is old enough to travel alone. |
| almost | 幾乎 | I almost forgot your name. |
| extremely | 極其 | She was extremely tired. |
副詞常見分類 Part 2：時間、地點、順序
除了方式、頻率和程度，adverbs 亦常用來說明時間、地點和事件次序。這些副詞對敘事、寫作和口語表達特別重要。
Adverb of Time：時間副詞
Adverb of time 用來表示事情在甚麼時候發生、持續多久，或多久之後發生。常見例子包括 now、then、today、yesterday、soon、later、already、recently。
| Adverb of time | 中文意思 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| now | 現在 | I am busy now. |
| yesterday | 昨天 | She called me yesterday. |
| soon | 很快 | The meeting will start soon. |
| later | 稍後 | We can discuss it later. |
| recently | 最近 | He recently moved to Hong Kong. |
| already | 已經 | They have already finished the work. |
Adverbs of Place：地點副詞
地點副詞用來說明動作發生的位置或方向，例如 here、there、outside、inside、upstairs、nearby、away。它們通常放在動詞或受詞後面。
- Please wait here.（請在這裏等。）
- The children are playing outside.（小朋友在外面玩。）
- She went upstairs.（她上樓了。）
- The dog ran away.（狗跑走了。）
Adverbs of Sequence：順序副詞
Adverbs of sequence 用來表達事情的先後次序，常見於程序描寫、說明文和故事敘述。常見 adverb of sequence 包括 first、next、then、afterwards、finally。
| Adverb of sequence | 中文意思 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| first | 首先 | First, wash your hands. |
| next | 接着 | Next, cut the vegetables. |
| then | 然後 | Then, heat the pan. |
| afterwards | 之後 | Afterwards, add the sauce. |
| finally | 最後 | Finally, serve the dish. |
Adverb 在句中的位置：前位、中位、後位規則
Adverb position 是學副詞時很容易出錯的地方。副詞位置會受副詞類型、句子結構和想強調的意思影響。大致可分為前位、中位和後位。
副詞位置總覽
| 位置 | 常見用途 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 前位 | 修飾整句、連接語氣或時間提示 | Fortunately, we arrived on time. |
| 中位 | 常見於頻率副詞、程度副詞或助動詞後 | She often reads before bed. |
| 後位 | 常見於方式、地點、時間副詞 | He spoke clearly in the meeting. |
| 句末 | 補充時間、地點或方式 | They met yesterday. |
如果一句有多個副詞，常見順序是方式、地點、時間。例如 She worked quietly at home yesterday. 這種排序不是每次絕對固定，但對初學者來說是很安全的基本規則。
頻率副詞的位置規則
- 主要動詞前：I usually study after dinner.
- Be 動詞後：She is usually calm.
- 助動詞後：They have never visited London.
- 情態動詞後：You should always check your work.
副詞的比較級與最高級：Comparative and Superlative Adverbs
Comparative and superlative adverbs 用來比較動作的方式或程度。比較級表示「更怎樣地」，最高級表示「最怎樣地」。
規則副詞的比較級與最高級
| 原級 adverb | 比較級 | 最高級 |
|---|---|---|
| quickly | more quickly | most quickly |
| carefully | more carefully | most carefully |
| quietly | more quietly | most quietly |
| slowly | more slowly | most slowly |
多數以 -ly 結尾的副詞，通常用 more 和 most 構成比較級與最高級。例如 She speaks more clearly than before.。
Irregular Adverbs：不規則副詞
| 原級 adverb | 比較級 | 最高級 |
|---|---|---|
| well | better | best |
| badly | worse | worst |
| far | farther / further | farthest / furthest |
| little | less | least |
| much | more | most |
要留意 good 是 adjective，well 多數用作 adverb。正確說法是 She sings well.；如果要比較，可以說 She sings better than me.。
易混淆詞：副詞 vs. 形容詞
Adjective and adverb 的混淆是中文學習者最常見的問題之一。形容詞修飾名詞；副詞修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整句。判斷時要看它在句子入面修飾甚麼。
Good / Well：好，還是好地？
| 詞 | 詞性 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| good | adjective 形容詞 | She is a good singer. |
| well | adverb 副詞 | She sings well. |
| well | adjective 形容詞，表示身體狀況良好 | I am well today. |
有些人會搜尋 good adverb，但嚴格來說，good 通常不是副詞；要表達「做得好」，一般用 well。
Bad / Badly：差，還是差地？
Bad 是 adjective，badly 是 adverb。搜尋 bad adverb 時，通常其實是在問 badly 的用法。不過在某些口語表達中，bad 可能出現於非正式用法；學習標準寫作時，應先掌握 bad 和 badly 的基本分別。
- He is a bad driver.（bad 修飾 driver。）
- He drives badly.（badly 修飾 drives。）
- The plan was bad.（bad 描述 plan。）
Hard / Hardly：意思完全不同
Hard adverb 可以表示「努力地」或「猛烈地」，例如 work hard。Hardly 則表示「幾乎不」，意思和 hard 不同，不能互相替換。
| 詞 | 意思 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| hard | 努力地；猛烈地 | She works hard every day. |
| hard | 困難的；堅硬的 | This question is hard. |
| hardly | 幾乎不 | I can hardly hear you. |
Early、Fast、Noisy：要看詞性和變化
Early adverb 和 early adjective 形式一樣，要看句子功能判斷。Fast 亦可同時作形容詞和副詞。Noisy 是形容詞；如果你搜尋 noisy adverb，標準副詞形式通常是 noisily。
| 字詞 | 可能詞性 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| early | adjective / adverb | We had an early dinner. / She arrived early. |
| fast | adjective / adverb | He is a fast runner. / He runs fast. |
| noisy | adjective | The classroom is noisy. |
| noisily | adverb | The children played noisily. |
Adverb Clause 與 Relative Adverb 入門
除了單字副詞，英文亦可以用一整個子句作副詞功能，這就是 adverb clause。它可以表示時間、原因、條件、讓步、目的等關係。Relative adverb 則常用來引導修飾名詞的子句，例如 when、where、why。
Adverb Clause：副詞子句
| 類型 | 連接詞 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 時間 | when, before, after | Call me when you arrive. |
| 原因 | because, since | I stayed home because it was raining. |
| 條件 | if, unless | You can join us if you finish your work. |
| 讓步 | although, even though | Although it was late, we kept working. |
| 目的 | so that | She spoke slowly so that everyone could understand. |
Relative Adverb：關係副詞
Relative adverb 包括 when、where、why，常用來引導形容詞子句，修飾前面的時間、地點或原因名詞。雖然它們叫 adverb，但在句子中常和 relative clause 一起學習。
- I remember the day when we first met.（我記得我們第一次見面的那天。）
- This is the place where I grew up.（這是我長大的地方。）
- That is the reason why she left.（那就是她離開的原因。）
高頻 Adverbs List：副詞列表與實用例句
以下 adverb list 按用途整理，適合用作日常寫作和溫習。背副詞時，最好連同完整句子一起記，這樣比只背中文意思更有效。
| 類別 | 常見 adverbs | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 方式 | carefully, clearly, slowly, politely | Please speak clearly. |
| 頻率 | always, usually, often, sometimes, never | I often read before bed. |
| 程度 | very, quite, too, almost, enough | The bag is too heavy. |
| 時間 | now, soon, later, recently, already | She has already left. |
| 地點 | here, there, outside, nearby, away | They waited outside. |
| 順序 | first, next, then, finally | Finally, check your answer. |
Adverb Exercise：副詞練習與答案
以下 adverb exercise 可用來檢查你對 adverb用法、adverbs of frequency、方式副詞、程度副詞，以及 adjective and adverb 分別的掌握。如果你正在製作 adverb of frequency exercise pdf 或 adverbs of frequency worksheet，也可以參考這類題型。
練習一：選出正確答案
- She speaks English ______. A. fluent B. fluently
- He ______ goes to bed before midnight. A. usually B. usual
- The soup is ______ hot to drink. A. too B. enough
- She arrived ______ for the meeting. A. early B. earlyly
- He works very ______. A. hard B. hardly
練習二：填入合適副詞
- Please drive ______ because the road is wet.（小心地）
- I ______ forget my keys, so I always check my bag.（很少）
- The children played ______ in the garden.（吵鬧地）
- We will discuss the plan ______.（稍後）
- ______, wash your hands before cooking.（首先）
練習答案
- B. fluently — fluently 是 adverb，修飾 speaks。
- A. usually — usually 是 adverb of frequency，修飾 goes。
- A. too — too hot 表示太熱。
- A. early — early 本身可作副詞，不用 earlyly。
- A. hard — work hard 表示努力工作；hardly 是幾乎不。
- carefully — 修飾 drive。
- rarely / seldom — 表示很少。
- noisily — noisy 的副詞形式。
- later — 表示稍後。
- First — 表示首先。
FAQ：Adverb 常見問題
1. What is an adverb？
An adverb 是用來修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整句的詞。它可以說明動作怎樣發生、幾時發生、在哪裏發生、發生頻率和程度。
2. Adverb 中文是甚麼？
Adverb 中文是「副詞」。Adverbs中文概念可理解為補充動作、狀態或句子意思的詞，例如 slowly、often、very、yesterday、here。
3. Adverb of manner 是甚麼？
Adverb of manner 是方式副詞，用來說明動作如何發生，例如 carefully、quickly、quietly、clearly。例句：She answered the question carefully.。
4. Adverbs of frequency 放在哪裏？
Adverbs of frequency 通常放在主要動詞前，例如 I often exercise.；若句子有 be 動詞，通常放在 be 後面，例如 She is always cheerful.。
5. Good adverb 是 well 嗎？
一般來說，good 是 adjective，well 是對應的 adverb。例如 a good singer 是「好歌手」；sing well 是「唱得好」。
6. Hard adverb 和 hardly 有甚麼分別？
Hard 作副詞可表示「努力地」，例如 work hard。Hardly 表示「幾乎不」，例如 I hardly know him. 兩者意思不同，不應混用。
7. Early adverb 正確嗎？
正確。Early 可以作 adjective，也可以作 adverb。例如 an early train 入面 early 是形容詞；arrive early 入面 early 是副詞。
8. Adverb clause 是甚麼？
Adverb clause 是副詞子句，用一整個子句補充時間、原因、條件、讓步或目的等意思。例如 I stayed home because it was raining. 入面 because it was raining 是原因副詞子句。
總結：學好 Adverb，句子意思會更精準
Adverb 是英文表達細節的重要工具。它不只讓你說出某人做了甚麼，還可以說明動作怎樣發生、何時發生、多久發生一次、程度有多深，以及句子之間的先後和邏輯關係。由 adverb meaning、adverb examples、adverbs of manner 到 adverbs of frequency 和 adverbs of degree，每一類副詞都能提升句子的準確度。
最有效的學習方法，是每次看到副詞時問自己：它修飾哪個字？表示方式、頻率、程度、時間還是順序？位置是否自然？有沒有和 adjective 混淆？當你能用這些問題檢查句子，副詞就不再只是單字表，而會變成改善英文寫作和口語表達的實用工具。
