Speech 演講辭顧名思義就係用於公開演說嘅講稿，而喺 DSE ENG Paper 2 & 3，即係 dse listening & writing 部分裡面，考評局就經常會要求考生代入某個團體嘅主席或代表，於開幕禮、會員大會、morning assembly 或 school event 等情景發表演講，因此大家必須要懂得 Speech format 點寫！ 本文將詳細拆解 DSE 英文 speech 格式 的各個部分，並提供實用範例。 以下 AfterSchool 為同學帶嚟自學懶人包，教你點寫 DSE English 演講辭，包含寫作範本、萬用框架 sample、實際應用 example，以及 Paper 3 listening speech 題目常見做法。 本文重點 Speech 基本格式： Greeting Line、Introduction、Body Paragraph、Conclusion 點樣安排。 開頭稱呼語寫法： Principal、teachers、guests、fellow students 嘅排序同標點。 正文論點鋪排： 用「總分總」、例子、數據、過渡詞同修辭技巧提升說服力。 結尾注意事項： 回顧重點、重申立場、寄語觀眾、禮貌道謝。 DSE 範文參考： 以 school fair announcement 示範完整 speech 格式範文。 快速答案：Speech 格式是什麼？ Speech 格式即英文演講辭的基本結構。喺 DSE 入面，speech、announcement、sharing、debate speech 都可能用到類似框架。 一份常見 DSE speech 格式包括： Greeting Line 開頭稱呼語 Introduction 引言 Body Paragraph 1 第一個重點 Body Paragraph 2 第二個重點 Body Paragraph 3 第三個重點 Conclusion 結尾 簡單記：先打招呼，再交代身份和主題，正文逐點展開，最後總結和道謝。 Speech、announcement、sharing、debate speech 有咩分別？ 類型 主要目的 語氣 DSE 常見情境 Speech 發表正式或半正式演講 較正式、有感染力 開幕禮、典禮、校內活動 Announcement 宣布活動或重要消息 清晰、直接、較輕鬆 Morning assembly、school fair Sharing 分享經驗或看法 親切、自然、有個人感 學會分享、畢業分享 Debate Speech 支持或反對某立場 有力、具論證性 Debate、discussion、motion 如果題目寫 “make an announcement”，其實仍然可以用 speech 的基本框架，只係語氣可以比正式演講輕鬆少少。 Speech 格式 依家喺 DSE 裡面一般唔會用 Speech 呢隻咁正式嘅字眼，而係轉用「announcement」、「sharing」等較為輕鬆嘅情景，因此措詞相對上唔使捉到咁正，但都要大方得體，同埋合符返格式！ 無論題目要求寫的是 speech、announcement 還是 sharing，其核心「格式」（format）都離不開以下幾個基本部分。 Speech 格式框架 Greeting Line 用作稱呼現場聽眾，例如 Principal、teachers、guests、fellow students。記得英文 Greeting Line 通常用逗號結尾。 Introduction 介紹自己身份、交代背景、帶出主題。Opening 要夠清楚，令聽眾知道你為何發言。 Body Paragraph 1 展開第一個主要觀點或第一項活動。每段最好集中一個重點。 Body Paragraph 2 展開第二個主要觀點，可加入例子、數據、故事或活動細節。 Body Paragraph 3 展開第三個主要觀點，並用過渡詞保持段落連貫。 Conclusion 總結主要內容，重申主題，呼籲聽眾行動，最後道謝。 可直接套用格式 [Greeting Line] [Introduction] [Body Paragraph 1] [Body Paragraph 2] [Body Paragraph 3] [Conclusion] Speech Format Sample 簡表 部分 功能 常用句式 Greeting Line 問候聽眾 Good morning, Principal, teachers and fellow students, Introduction 介紹身份及主題 As the Chairperson of..., I am honoured to... Body 展開重點 Firstly... / In addition... / Last but not least... Conclusion 總結及道謝 Thank you all for your attentive listening. 同場加映：【Proposal 格式】寫 ENG DSE 建議書英文實用攻略（含教學 + 範例！） Paper 3 聆聽綜合：遇到 Speech 題目點做？ Speech 唔只會出現喺 Paper 2 writing，亦有機會喺 DSE English Paper 3 integrated task 出現。呢類題目通常要求你根據錄音、notes、poster、email 或資料文件，寫一段 announcement、opening speech 或 sharing。 常見題型拆解 題型 你要聽咩 寫入 Speech 邊部分 Announcement 活動日期、時間、地點、內容 Introduction / Body Opening Speech 活動目的、嘉賓、背景、感謝 Greeting Line / Introduction / Conclusion Sharing 個人經驗、反思、建議 Introduction / Body Campaign Speech 問題、原因、行動呼籲 Body / Conclusion Debate Speech 立場、論據、反駁 Body Paragraphs 必聽訊號詞 聽錄音時，以下 signal words 通常會提示答案： 活動資料： The event will be held on...、It will take place at... 目的： The aim of this activity is...、We hope to... 重點項目： The first highlight is...、Another attraction is... 補充例子： For example...、For instance... 轉折： However...、On the other hand... 行動呼籲： Please sign up...、We encourage you to... 做題步驟 先睇清楚 task 確認你要寫 speech、announcement、sharing，定係 debate speech。 圈出身份及對象 例如你係 student representative、club chairperson、organising committee member，聽眾可能係 Principal、teachers、students 或 guests。 聽錄音時分類記 notes 可分成 event details、activities、benefits、how to help、call to action。 用 speech 格式組織答案 先寫 Greeting Line，再用 Introduction 帶出主題，Body 分段寫重點，Conclusion 總結及呼籲。 檢查 tone 是否合適 Announcement 可以較活潑；formal speech 要更得體；debate speech 要更有力。 常見失分位 漏寫 Greeting Line：Speech 格式最基本部分，漏咗會好蝕。 稱呼排序錯：有嘉賓時通常先 guests，再 Principal、teachers、students。 只抄資料，無組織：Paper 3 要整合資料，不是逐字搬字過紙。 Body 太散：每個 paragraph 應集中一個重點。 無行動呼籲：Announcement 題目常要求 “let students know how they can help out”，要明確寫出。 語氣不合情境：學校 morning assembly 可自然活潑，但仍要大方得體。 Speech Greeting Line 開頭稱呼語寫法 Speech 同其他實用文好唔同嘅係佢唔需要標題（你估朗誦咩！），呢個時候只需要一個簡潔嘅問候語就可以。 通常我哋會咁寫： Good morning, Principal, teachers and fellow schoolmates, 或者： Good morning, Principal, teachers and fellow students, 記得記得，寫 Greeting Line 一定要跟聽眾嘅輩份。例如喺 school 場景裡面，就先到後寫校長、老師、同學；如果聽眾裡面有嘉賓，嘉賓就需要寫先，例如： Good morning, honourable guests, Principal, teachers and fellow schoolmates, 例如在校慶典禮上，可能會有教育局官員出席，問候語就應寫為： Good morning, honourable guests from the Education Bureau, Principal, teachers, and fellow students, 最後，大家一定一定要留意返，英文嘅 Greeting Line 係以逗號「,」做分隔同最尾，千祈唔好撈亂咗好似中文用冒號「：」搞到失分。 常見 Greeting Line 例子 情境 Greeting Line 一般早會 Good morning, Principal, teachers and fellow students, 有嘉賓出席 Good morning, honourable guests, Principal, teachers and fellow students, 學會分享 Good afternoon, teachers and fellow members, Debate Honourable adjudicators, respected teachers and fellow students, Speech Introduction 引言/前言寫法 引言通常由三部分組成，分別為「介紹自己」、「背景」、「進入主題」。 1. 介紹自己 首先，你試諗吓上到台就一輪嘴講自己嘅觀點，但其實台下連你係邊個都唔知，試問又點會肯聽你講？所以記得喺同觀眾打完招呼之後，輕輕介紹一吓自己係邊個。 例如可以咁寫： As [你嘅身分], I am honoured to extend a warm welcome to you all. I would like to share with you about [你呢篇文章嘅主題，精簡幾隻字表達出嚟]. 例句： As the Chairperson of the Student Union, I am honoured to extend a warm welcome to you all. I would like to share with you about our upcoming annual school fair. 2. 交代背景 跟住就到寫作背景。比如如果你係學生會代表，想同大家分享嚟緊學校即將搞一個周年慶晚會，咁呢個時候你就可以先帶動一吓氣氛。 例如可以講吓學校依家幾多周年，培育咗好多屆嘅同學長大及離開母校繼續追尋自己嘅人生；亦可以講自己好慶幸能夠見證學校第幾個年頭，並且擔任學生會長為大家籌辦今次嘅晚會。 如果題目係講緊社會現象，例如青少年網絡成癮、移民潮、mental health、financial literacy 等，則可以俾一啲本地數據或報告名稱出嚟展示自己對題目嘅熟悉度。 例如可以參考： 香港青年協會有關青少年精神健康或網絡使用的調查 衞生署學生健康服務相關資料 政府統計處有關人口、教育或青年發展的數據 學校內部問卷或 student survey 結果 寫作時唔一定要背準完整數字，但可以用較保守寫法，例如： According to a recent youth survey, many Hong Kong students reported experiencing stress from academic work and social expectations. 3. 進入主題 最後就到進入主題，可以先為下文嘅內容做一個簡述。 例如可以咁寫： Without further ado, let’s dive right into it. In today’s speech, I’d like to highlight three major points, including A, B and C. 或者： Today, I would like to talk about three main aspects: the purpose of the event, the activities that will take place, and how you can take part. 想知道其他 DSE ENG 常見英文實用文寫法？即撳：【DSE English】Paper 2 & Paper 3 最齊寫作格式全攻略 Speech Body 正文寫法 掌握了 speech 的整體「格式」後，正文（Body）就是充實內容、展現觀點的關鍵。 正文嘅作用就係用嚟列舉你嘅主要觀點。建議大家每個觀點佔一個段落，並且確保每個觀點都與題目直接相關及邏輯連貫。 至於每一段裡面點寫，可以按返最基本嘅「總分總」形式： 先寫一句表明觀點嘅 topic sentence。 然後拓展論點。 用具體故事、統計數據或引用專家意見嚟加強觀點。 最後總結觀點，或者連接下一段。 咁點先可以脫穎而出，輕鬆攞到 5**？以下為大家分享一啲實用技巧。 【清晰的論點陳述】 每一段 Body Paragraph 都應該有一個清晰主題句。主題句可以幫考官即刻知道你呢段想講咩，亦可以令整篇 speech 更有方向。 主題：The Importance of Volunteering in the Community 段落開始陳述： Volunteering plays a pivotal role in strengthening communities and fostering a sense of belonging among individuals. 應用提示： 如果題目要求你介紹活動，可以先講活動的最大亮點。 如果題目要求你說服聽眾，可以先清楚表明立場。 如果題目要求你分享經驗，可以先講該經驗帶來的啟發。 【具體而有力的例子和證據】 Speech 唔可以只講空泛大道理。具體例子可以令聽眾更容易明白你嘅觀點，亦可以增加說服力。 主題：The Impact of Climate Change on Wildlife 例子： Consider the case of the Great Barrier Reef in Australia, which is facing unprecedented bleaching events due to rising sea temperatures. This phenomenon not only threatens the coral reefs but also endangers the marine life that depends on them, such as the vibrant species of fish and turtles. 應用提示： 講 school fair，可以寫 food stalls、football match、art exhibition 等具體活動。 講 community service，可以寫 elderly visits、fundraising、volunteering experience。 講 social issue，可以用 survey、news report 或 school observation 支持。 【結構化和連貫性】 Speech 要聽得舒服，就要有清晰次序。考生可以善用 transition words，令段落之間自然銜接。 主題：The Advantages of Cultural Exchange Programs 過渡詞使用： In addition to that, another benefit of cultural exchange programs is... 常用過渡詞包括： Firstly, To begin with, In addition, Moreover, Furthermore, Last but not least, As a result, Therefore, 應用提示： 如果你要介紹三項活動，可以用 Firstly、Another highlight、Last but not least，令聽眾清楚跟到你嘅思路。 【考慮目標聽眾】 Speech 係講畀人聽，所以一定要考慮 audience。對象係 junior students、DSE candidates、parents、teachers，語氣同例子都應該有所不同。 主題：The Importance of Financial Literacy for Young Adults 適當的詞彙選擇： For instance, understanding the concepts of budgeting, saving, and investing empowers young adults to make informed financial decisions and avoid unnecessary debt. 特別是對於即將面對升學或就業的 DSE 考生而言，掌握基本理財觀念更是規劃未來的重要一步。 應用提示： 對 junior students：語氣可以親切、有鼓勵性。 對 teachers 或 guests：語氣要更正式。 對 whole school：內容要易明、有感染力。 對 debate adjudicators：論證要清楚、有力、有反駁。 【適度的形式和語調】 Speech 需要自然、有感染力，但都要配合場合。學校 announcement 可以加入少量幽默，但 formal ceremony 就要莊重啲。 主題：The Benefits of Physical Exercise for Mental Well-being 使用幽默： So, instead of spending hours scrolling through social media and burning time, why not hit the gym and burn some calories? 應用提示： 幽默可以令 speech 更生動，但唔好過火。DSE 寫作中，幽默要服務內容，而唔係為搞笑而搞笑。 【引用名人或專家觀點】 引用名人或專家觀點可以令 speech 更有深度。不過引用要自然，唔好硬塞。 主題：The Power of Education in Empowering Individuals 引用： As Nelson Mandela once said, “Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world.” 應用提示： 引用後要解釋同主題有咩關係，否則只會變成裝飾句。 【運用修辭手法】 適當使用 rhetorical devices，可以令 speech 更有節奏感同感染力。 反問 反問可以引起聽眾思考，讓他們參與到你的演講中。 例如： What if I told you that a small act of kindness can change someone’s life? 排比 排比使用類似結構或形式的詞語或短語，增強觀點的說服力。 例如： Education brings knowledge, knowledge brings power, and power brings change. 比喻 比喻可以用形象生動的方式說明你的觀點。 例如： A good teacher is like a lighthouse, guiding students through the stormy seas of knowledge. Paper 3 聆聽綜合有咩必學 5** 技巧？即撳：【DSE ENG Paper 3】英文卷三 Listening 聆聽格式+技巧 (Format & Skills) Speech Conclusion 結尾/結語/總結寫法 喺一個出色嘅英文演講辭裡面，結論部分係非常重要。佢要做到總結觀點嘅功能，令聽眾對今次嘅主題留下一個深刻印象。 因此，Conclusion 部分可以： 回顧一吓正文寫過嘅主要觀點。 再次強調你嘅立場或主題。 多謝觀眾嘅耐心聆聽。 感謝大會邀請。 為主題或觀眾作出寄語。 以下是一個結論段落的示例： （回顧） As we reach the end of our speech, let’s take a moment to recap our main points. （寄語） Lastly, I hope you find inspiration and motivation from this speech. Believe in your abilities, and have the courage to express your thoughts and perspectives. English public speaking is a valuable skill that will empower you to confidently communicate with the world, whether it is in exams, work, or everyday life. （道謝） Thank you all for your attentive listening, and I wish you success and achievements in your future endeavours. Thank you! Conclusion 常用句式 To conclude, I would like to remind everyone that... Let us work together to... I sincerely hope that today’s sharing has inspired you to... Thank you for your attention. Thank you all for your attentive listening. 不同情境的 Speech 寫作要點 DSE 題目未必一定寫明 “speech”。有時會用 announcement、sharing、debate speech 等字眼。同學要按情境微調語氣同內容重點。 1. Announcement Announcement 通常用於 morning assembly 或 school event，重點係清楚交代資料。 要寫清楚： 活動名稱 日期及時間 地點 活動內容 參加方法 學生可以點幫手 語氣可以較活潑，但仍要有禮貌。 2. Sharing Sharing 通常偏向個人經驗或感受，語氣可以自然少少。 要寫清楚： 你嘅身份或經驗 事件背景 你學到咩 對聽眾有咩提醒或鼓勵 3. Debate Speech Debate speech格式比一般 speech 更重視立場及論證。 要寫清楚： 你支持或反對的 motion 主要論點 例子或證據 反駁對方觀點 強而有力的結尾 常用句式： We strongly believe that... The first reason is... Our opponents may argue that..., but... Therefore, we urge you to support / oppose the motion. 4. School Speech School speech格式通常用於校內典禮、活動介紹、學會分享或 morning assembly。 要留意： Greeting Line 要按身份排序。 內容要適合學生聽眾。 可以用少量互動問題吸引注意。 Conclusion 可加入鼓勵或行動呼籲。 Speech DSE 5+ 範例參考 以下我們以一個完整的 speech 格式範文，示範如何將前述的格式與技巧實際應用於 DSE 題目中。 題目：Part A You are helping your school organise the annual school fair. You have been asked to make an announcement about the event during the morning assembly. Use the poster below to help you write your announcement. In your announcement: Introduce the event. Describe some of the activities that will take place. Let students know how they can help out. 作答 【Greeting Line】 Good morning, Principal, teachers and fellow students, 【Introduction】 If I were to ask you what the large tragedy of 2020 was, what would you say? Perhaps the unfortunate cancellation of the annual school fair last year? Well, if that’s the case, fear not, as I am incredibly proud to announce that our annual school fair will be making a comeback on 29th May 2021 from 12 pm to 4 pm! So, why should you go? Listen on to find out! 【Body Paragraph 1】 The day will start with a “bang” at the food stalls, so forget lunch and come stuff yourself silly instead! Our Home Economics Club has been teasing us with utterly delectable Takoyaki balls, filled to the brim with fresh octopus, covered with a truly decadent mozzarella and goat cheese sauce. Be careful, or else you might find yourself literally speechless and tongue-tied by octopus tentacles – that’s just how fresh they are (just kidding)! Have an insatiable sweet tooth? Check out the dessert booth and be on the lookout for the chocolate custard tarts, with a scrumptious core of white chocolate. Bon appetit! 【Body Paragraph 2】 The next activity worth stopping by to at least watch is the alumni football match. Did you know that Hong Kong’s rising superstar, Keung To, is an alumnus of our school? Sign up for the match, and you might be able to play with, or against him! We also have no shortage of teachers who also happen to have studied here, and are trembling in excitement to relive and reminisce on their youth, filled with laughter and merriment. If you are interested in seeing if your football skills measure up to our staff, do come and join us. Each match will be a 30-minute mini match, with seven people on each team, and as a twist, two footballs! What an amazing way to burn excess calories from the food stalls, don’t you think so? 【Body Paragraph 3】 In addition to the mouthwatering food and exhilarating alumni football match, the school fair offers a plethora of engaging activities that cater to everyone’s interests. For those who appreciate art and creativity, the art exhibition is a must-visit. Our talented students have poured their hearts and souls into their artworks, showcasing their unique perspectives and artistic skills. From vibrant paintings to intricate sculptures, the exhibition is a testament to the creativity and talent that thrives within our school community. Take a moment to immerse yourself in the beauty and thought-provoking messages conveyed through these captivating pieces of art. 【Body Paragraph 4】 Moreover, if you are a fan of live performances, the stage area will be brimming with captivating acts throughout the day. Our school’s music club will showcase their melodious tunes, encompassing a wide range of genres to cater to diverse musical preferences. From soulful ballads to energetic pop hits, the performances will leave you captivated and tapping your feet in rhythm. Additionally, the drama club will take the stage, presenting an enthralling play that promises to transport you to a world of imagination and storytelling. Be prepared to be enthralled by the talents and dedication of our fellow students, who have poured countless hours into perfecting their performances. 【Conclusion】 In conclusion, the revival of our annual school fair is a momentous occasion that brings together our school community in a celebration of talent, camaraderie, and enjoyment. From the tantalising food stalls to the exhilarating alumni football match, the fair offers a wide array of activities that cater to diverse interests. It provides an opportunity for students, teachers, and alumni to connect, reminisce, and create lasting memories. So mark your calendars and join us on 29th May 2021 from 12 pm to 4 pm for an unforgettable day filled with laughter, delicious food, captivating performances, and the spirit of togetherness. Let us embrace the joy and excitement that the school fair brings, and make this year’s event a resounding success. See you there! 閱讀更多：【DSE ENG Paper 2】DSE English Writing 英文作文技巧、寫作格式、題目大揭秘 範例優點分析 1. Greeting Line 正確 範文用 Good morning, Principal, teachers and fellow students, 開首，符合 school speech格式，亦留意到英文以逗號結尾。 2. Introduction 有吸引力 開首用問題吸引聽眾注意，再自然宣布 annual school fair 回歸，成功帶出主題。 3. Body Paragraph 活動細節充足 正文唔只列出活動名稱，仲用生動描寫介紹 food stalls、alumni football match、art exhibition、live performances，令 fair 更吸引。 4. 語氣配合 announcement 因為題目係 morning assembly announcement，所以語氣可以較活潑，例如加入 rhetorical question 同幽默句式，但仍保持大方得體。 5. Conclusion 有行動呼籲 最後提醒學生 mark your calendars，並鼓勵大家參與，符合題目要求。 常見錯誤提醒 1. Greeting Line 用錯標點 錯誤： Good morning, Principal, teachers and fellow students: 較佳： Good morning, Principal, teachers and fellow students, 英文 speech Greeting Line 通常用逗號結尾，不是中文冒號。 2. 忘記介紹自己或主題 如果題目要求你以某身份發言，例如 Student Union Chairperson，Introduction 最好簡單交代身份。 例句： As the Chairperson of the Student Union, I am delighted to introduce our upcoming school fair. 3. Body 寫到太散 每段只集中一個主題，例如： Body Paragraph 1：Food stalls Body Paragraph 2：Football match Body Paragraph 3：Art exhibition Body Paragraph 4：Live performances 咁樣會比一段過寫晒所有活動清楚好多。 4. 語氣不配合場景 Announcement 可以活潑，但 formal speech 不應太 casual。Debate speech 則要更有立場和論證。 5. Conclusion 沒有收束 唔好突然完結。最好做到： 總結活動或觀點 鼓勵聽眾參與 道謝 Speech Format FAQ 1. DSE speech 格式一定要寫標題嗎？ 一般 speech 唔需要寫標題。Speech 同其他實用文唔同，通常直接由 Greeting Line 開始。 2. Greeting Line 最後用逗號定冒號？ 英文 speech Greeting Line 通常用逗號。例如： Good morning, Principal, teachers and fellow students, 3. Speech Body 應該寫幾多段？ 視乎題目要求。DSE 常見做法是 2 至 4 個 Body Paragraph，每段集中一個重點。 4. Announcement 算唔算 speech？ 可以視為 speech 類型之一。DSE 題目常用 announcement 或 sharing 代替 speech，但基本格式仍然相似。 5. Debate speech格式同普通 speech 有咩分別？ Debate speech 更重視立場、論據、反駁及結論力度。普通 school speech 或 announcement 則更重視資訊清晰和語氣自然。 6. Speech 可唔可以用幽默？ 可以，但要適量。幽默要配合場合和 audience，避免令文章變得太 casual 或離題。 延伸閱讀 想一次過溫熟 DSE English 實用文格式，可以繼續閱讀以下文章： 【DSE English】Paper 2 & Paper 3 最齊寫作格式全攻略：適合想比較 speech、proposal、report、letter、article 等常見格式的同學。 【DSE ENG Paper 3】英文卷三 Listening 聆聽格式+技巧 (Format & Skills)：適合想提升 listening integrated task 表現，尤其係需要聽完資料再寫 announcement 或 speech 的同學。 【DSE ENG Paper 2】DSE English Writing 英文作文技巧、寫作格式、題目大揭秘：適合想進一步掌握 Paper 2 writing strategy 及不同題型的同學。
